Biological functions of CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor in metabolism and cell growth / 生理学报

Nutrient overload-caused deregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism leads to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders, which increases the risk of several types of cancers. CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor (CREBZF), a novel transcription factor of the ATF/CREB family, has emerged as a critical mechanism bridging the gap between metabolism and cell growth. CREBZF forms a heterodimer with other proteins and functions as a coregulator for gene expression. CREBZF deficiency in the liver attenuates hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, while the expression levels of CREBZF are increased in the livers of obese mice and humans with hepatic steatosis. Intriguingly, CREBZF also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via interaction with several transcription factors including STAT3, p53 and HCF-1. Knockout of CREBZF in hepatocytes results in enhanced cell cycle progression and proliferation capacity in mice. Here we highlight how the CREBZF signaling network contributes to the deregulation of metabolism and cell growth, and discuss the potential of targeting these molecules for the treatment of insulin resistance, diabetes, fatty liver disease and cancer.

Comparison between continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring and venous blood hemoglobin monitoring in children with kidney disease / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To assess the correlation and consistency between continuous noninvasive hemo globin detection and venous blood hemoglobin detection in children with kidney disease,and try to analyze the affecting factors.Try to provide a reference for the monitoring of hemoglobin in children with kid ney disease by continuous noninvasive hemoglobin detection technique.Methods:Eighty-five inpatient children with kidney disease,50 boys (58.8％) and 35 girls (41.2％),aged from 3 years old to 18 years old (9.35 ± 4.29) were included finally.Noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring by spectrophotometry (SpHb) was stably read by PRONTO-7,selecting the ring finger of the non handedness as the detection site.And then the venous blood hemoglobin of the same patient was collected in 5 minutes as the true hemoglobin (tHb) by Beckman coulter DXH-800.The data of SpHb and tHb were compared and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and MedCalc.Results:Correlation analysis showed data of SpHb and tHb were with significant correlation,the correlation coefficient between SpHb and tHb was 0.85 (P ＜ 0.05).BlandAltman plot points suggested that the mean of differences between SpHb and tHb was-1.3 g/dL.The 95％ CI of agreement of SpHb-tHb was-4.2-1.5 g/dL,suggesting that the average measurement re sult of SpHb was lower than that of tHb.The mean of differences as percent between SpHb and tHb was -9.8％,95％ CI of agreement was (-35.9％,16.2％) exceeding the acceptable range of true value ± 6％.The consistent rate of non-invasive hemoglobin detection and venous blood hemoglobin detection was 31.8％,the 95％ CI of consistent rate was (21.7％,41.9％).The chi square test of the fourfold table showed that the diagnosis of anemia with SpHb was of high sensitivity,but the specificity was low,the false positive rate was high,and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.000).Conclusion:There was a significant correlation between SpHb and tHb in the children with kidney disease.Noninvasive hemoglobin measurement can be used for monitoring of changes of hemoglobin in children with kidney diseases.But the consistency between SpHb and tHb needs to be improved.Noninvasive hemoglobin measurement could not replace the venous hemoglobin measurement.It could not be used for the diagnosis of anemia,and the accuracy of hemoglobin concentration measurement in children with kidney disease should be further explored.

Clinical characteristics of glucocorticoid-induced eye adverse reactions in children with primary nephrotic syndrome / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and side effects,with regard to glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension,glaucoma or cataract in children with primary nephrotic syndrome.Methods:Clinical data were collected and analyzed from 71 cases of primary nephrotic syndrome with glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension,glaucoma or cataract from Jun.2014 to Jun.2016.These children were hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital.Results:Totally 1 580 children with primary nephrotic syndrome were collected,glucocorticoid-induced complications in eyes were found in 71 cases,and the incidence was 4.5％.There were 66 cases with ocular hypertension,2 cases with glucocorticoid glaucoma,2 cases with glucocorticoid glaucoma combined with cataract,1 case with high intraocular pressure combined with cataract.There were 41 boys and 30 girls with eye-related side effects caused by glucocorticoid.The average age of onset of glucocorticoid-induced eye adverse reactions in children with primary nephrotic syndrome in our research were 8 (2,16) years.The average duration or interval time from glucocorticoid medication use to eye adverse effects was 157 (6,420) days.No statistical significance was found in intraocular pressure between different genders,types of glucocorticoid,different route of glucocorticoid and whether methylprednisolone pulse treatment (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant correlation between age,body mass index,blood pressure,cumulative dosage,duration time of glucocorticoid,mean daily dosage and glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension (P ＞ 0.05).The ocular hypertension was controlled after treatment.Conclusion:Children with nephrotic syndrome after treatment of glucocorticoid are susceptible to ocular complications,and the occurrence of ocular hypertension is closely related to glucocorticoid susceptibility of the nephrotic children.Regular eye monitor is indispensable for the children suffering from primary nephrotic syndrome.

Analysis of current status of mouse euthanasia methods based on the publications in China(2015-2016) / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To investigate the current status of mouse euthanasia methods in China,and to provide the reference and basis for the administrative authorities of laboratory animal management to master the implementation of"euthanasia"and formulate related policies. Methods Research papers containing the terms of"mouse"and"execution"in Chinese characters during the period from 2015 to 2016 were searched in Wanfang database,and statistical analysis was performed with the articles meeting the searching criteria. Results A total of 890 research articles met the searching criteria,of which 351 articles clearly described the killing method, accounting for only 39.44%. The mouse-killing methods included cervical dislocation, decapitation, exsanguination and sampling after anesthesia, excessive anesthesia,abdominal aorta bleeding and carbon dioxide asphyxiation, among them cervical dislocation accounted for the highest rate,75.78%. Conclusions The current implementation of mouse euthanasia methods in our country has been far from optimistic. The mouse euthanasis methods have often been ignored in scientific articles and the description of the methods is not standardized. In order to promote the effective implementation of the regulations related to mouse euthanasia,it is needed to promote the study of related techniques and to strengthen personnel training.

Application of three-line positioning method in blood collection by cardiac puncture from rats / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To introduce an improved method for collecting the blood of rat by cardiac puncture .Methods The study se-lected 90 Wistar rats,half male and half female ,and then the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneally injecting 10％chloral hydrate solution according to 0.3 mL/kg body weight.Then using three-line positioning method to determine the puncture site ,the blood collection needle and blood collection tube were used to collecting the blood ,Finally,the blood volume of each rat was recorded .Results The success rate was cal-culated according to the single blood collection of 5 mL or more,and our 90 rats were collected 90 times,the success rate was about 82.2％. After centrifugation,the total serum was about 260 mL,the average serum separation of each rat was about 2.8 mL.Conclusion The im-proved positioning method of heart blood collection is intuitive and easy to learn ,and the total volume and quality of blood is high ,besides ,the new method has a small surgical trauma and a high efficiency ,which is worth to extend .

Relationship between the types of internet addiction and learning burnout of university students / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To understand the present internet addition of Chinese college students and to explore the relationship between the types of internet addition and learning burnout,and to provide reference and theoretical basis for domestic research on internet addition.Methods Two-stage stratified sampling was used to select 1 485 students in Grade one to Grade three from seven colleges and universities in Henan province including Xinxiang Medical University,Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang University,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Henan Normal University,Henan University of Technology,Engineering College of Zhengzhou University.The university students questionnaire of internet addiction types and the leaning burnout scale were used and the results were analyzed.The students with internet addiction were divided into high score group and low score group according to result of questionnaire of intemet addiction types,and the difference of learning burnout between them was analyzed.Results In the types of internet addiction,the leaning burnout scores and the score of each dimensional scores in the high score group were significantly higher than those in the low score group (P ＜ 0.01).The network game addiction scores was positively related to depression,misconduct and learning burnout(P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01);questionnaire of network information scores and depression had positive correlation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The tendency of network information addiction is higher,the manifestation of depression is more obvious.The more obvious tendency of network information addiction,network relationship addiction,network information addition,which more easily leads to learning burnout.

Effects of ICAM-1 gene transfection on the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of ICAM-1 gene transfection on the differentiation of MSCs to adipocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant retroviral expression plasmid MIGR1-ICAM-1 containing full length of mouse ICAM-1 gene was constructed. The constructed plasmid MIGR1-ICAM-1, empty plasmid MIGR1 and packaging plasmid ECOS were transfected into T293 cell lines and then the supernatant generated from T293 cells were used to infect mouse MSCs cell line C3H10T 1/2. The transfective efficiency was determined by inverted fluorescence microscope, real-time PCR and flow cytometry. Furthermore, ICAM-1 overexpressing MSCs (C3H10T 1/2-ICAM-1) and empty vector transfection MSCs (C3H10T 1/2-MIGR1) were cultured in medium with or without induction reagents, Oil-red-O staining was used to detect the lipid accumulation, and the expression of transcriptional factors C/EBPα and PPARγ, which were key factors in the differentiation of MSCs to adipocytes, were tested by real-time-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The recombinant retrovirus vector containing mouse ICAM-1 gene was successful constructed. After transfection into MSCs cell line C3H10T 1/2, the overexpression ICAM-1 MSCs cell line (C3H10T 1/2-ICAM-1) and control cell line (C3H10T 1/2-MIGR1) were obtained. Furthermore, these two cell lines were treated without or with adipocytic induction reagents, C3H10T 1/2-ICAM-1 showed significantly lower mRNA expression level for C/EBPα [(1.2 ± 0.7), (2.9 ± 0.9)] and PPARγ [(1557.6 ± 70.2), (7547.0 ± 442.2)] when compared with C3H10T 1/2-MIGR1 [(5.8 ± 0.5), (23.0 ± 2.3) and (2453.0 ± 215.6), (9856.3 ± 542.2)](P < 0.05). Moreover, little lipid droplet and decreased quantity of adipocytes were detected in C3H10T 1/2-ICAM-1 [(3.2 ± 0.5)/well, (12.2 ± 3.8)/well] than that in C3H10T 1/2-MIGR1 [(11.2 ± 0.4)/well, (51.3 ± 2.8)/well] (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overexpression of ICAM-1 in MSCs can inhibit its adipocytic differentiation.</p>

Differential expression of the RNA-binding motif protein 3 in human astrocytoma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), which is transcriptionally induced by low temperature and hypoxia, has recently been found to be upregulated in human tumors. However, its expression status in human astrocytoma is not well defned. This article focuses on the differential expression of RBM3 in human astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RBM3 was detected in astrocytomas and normal brain tissues by quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Analysis of variance was performed on the data from quantitative real-time PCR. The Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the immunohistochemistry results. A P-value of less than 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>On one hand, the mRNA expression levels of three X-chromosome-related RBM genes (RBMX, RBM3, and RBM10) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that there were no significant differences in RBMX and RBM10 mRNA expression levels in human astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues. However, RBM3 mRNA expression levels were elevated in high-grade (World Health Organization (WHO) Grade III-IV) astrocytomas versus low-grade (WHO Grade I-II) astrocytomas (5.06 ± 0.66 vs. 1.60 ± 0.58; P < 0.05) or normal controls (5.06 ± 0.66 vs. 1.03 ± 0.22; P < 0.05) as determined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. On the other hand, immunohistochemistry showed an increased RBM3 labeling index in astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues (positive staining rate: astrocytoma Grade IV, 92.9%; astrocytoma Grade III, 81.8%; astrocytoma Grade I-II, 50%; normal brain tissues, 37.5%; high-grade astrocytoma versus normal brain tissues, P < 0.05; high-grade astrocytoma versus low-grade astrocytoma, P < 0.05). The higher protein levels of RBM3 were also validated in high-grade astrocytomas and low-grade astrocytomas compared with normal brain tissues by Western blotting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These data suggest that the overexpression of RBM3 may serve as an important molecular mechanism underlying astrocytic carcinogenesis. Moreover, RBM3 may have proliferative and/or proto-oncogenic functions in human astrocytomas.</p>

Effect of osteogenically and adipogenically differentiated bone mesenchymal stem cells from mouse on osteoclast formation / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the regulatory effects of differentiating mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on osteoclast formation. The MSC from mouse compact bones were cultured and induced into osteoblasts and adipocytes for one week. To test their regulatory effect on osteoclastogenesis, osteogenically differentiated and adipogenically differentiated MSC were co-cultured with CD11b(+) monocytes and osteoclasts were identified with in situ tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The results showed that differentiated MSC supported osteoclastogenesis but the osteoclast supporting capacity of osteogenically differentiated MSC decreased as compared with undifferentiated MSC. More interestingly, the adipogenically differentiated MSC significantly promoted osteoclasts formation when co-cultured with monocytes. It is concluded that the regulatory effect of MSC on osteoclast formation has changed while they have differentiated into different types of cells. The findings indicate that MSC may exert alternative effect on osteoclastogenesis by differentiation to descendant cells.